Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a medical condition that affects about 3 to 5 percent of women who have menstrual cycles (periods). Researchers believe that PMDD is probably related to hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle, and specifically with low levels of a hormone known as Serotonin. This hormone is responsible for controlling mood levels. Women with a personal or family history of mood disorders such as depression or postpartum depression have a higher risk of developing PMDD. PMDD may cause relationship problems and difficulty with performing day-to-day activities. The symptoms generally appear the week before the menstrual cycle and disappear shortly thereafter the onset of menstruation.
Symptoms may include:
Severe monthly mood swings and angry outbursts
Irritability, constant anger, depressed mood, anxiety
Difficulty sleeping and with concentration
Breast tenderness, bloating, headaches, weight gain, and joint and muscle pain
Lack of interest in usual activities, lack of energy, changes in appetite or sleep patterns
Feeling “OUT OF CONTROL”, helplessness, and hopelessness
What your doctor can do:
Diagnose the condition by asking about your symptoms, doing a physical exam, and laboratory tests.
Rule out other mental disorders such as cyclic mood disorders, depression, or Bipolar disorder (depression with mania).
Prescribe vitamin and mineral supplements to help reduce mild physical symptoms.
Prescribe Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor medications like SARAFEM to help reduce emotional symptoms.
Recommend counseling or psychotherapy for severe cases along with medication treatment.
What you can do:
Try to do the following and especially before the beginning of your menstrual cycle:
Drink plenty of water.
Eat more carbohydrate foods like breads, cereals, pastas, vegetables and fruits.
Reduce intake of salt and caffeine-containing foods (soft drinks, coffee, chocolate).
Get more exercise and decrease stress in your daily living.
Talk to your doctor before you make any diet changes or start a new exercise program.
Keep a diary of mood changes and share it with your doctor.
What you can expect:
With treatment and lifestyle changes, symptoms can be reduced or eliminated.
Complications can include lifestyle disruptions ranging from mild to severe.
Contact your doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of PMDD, or if symptoms do not improve with treatment.
